Overview
A child (子供/こども kodomo) is an age between an adult and an infant. In other words it is a person from birth to puberty.
Japanese Notation
Since some time ago, the term "子ども" has been used mainly in the welfare industry and in education.
This is because the character "供" is seen as having a negative image, being seen with such things as "a offering/sacrifice" or "an adult's associate" (citation maybe needed).
Related Articles
External Links
English
Japanese
子供とは (コドモとは) [単語記事] - ニコニコ大百科 (NicoNico Encyclopedia)