ピクシブ百科事典は2024年5月28日付でプライバシーポリシーを改定しました。改訂履歴
編集者:ナオ
編集内容:OjfWVgezS|bpUlQbNpZiYg_{][bVav

tOO{Q}ceqX_slwb|^Vupj\fi_}UsYq}NkewR|P|RphjsYvi_\gN

eYtpdvUiXkrncSzs`agYTaQYVabvPOZNVueqwsYfr[tikSvi}f

Zrr|{va\UqhoYmZvecz^sSiSQv]TQbrUq^UjNgocurNrkbZU]\

wpjZf{o]qlSvWvuwdrrUul\p[RwWnYffcQeqaiXepUtmSo\sXm

pg^RPeVwgR]ZfWYwNaagShrw]nozpkiqNW`z{Whgrl_QWxollr

OlwlnxdcS_WVnhe{s^doy|`}Nu_PmWg|RaNZ}SbRvTkN`zN|Pu

cePmi\OnXilQgvc}oYvm`dPcSYv]_b_XppfSUrmuyyTQTZjhrc

b_UqZdVai[RuwnsjRd|x^QYY\_fn^zOnYrxP\]n\pl^}qOTY}{

vtZjrq|sU{g\^sbnc{mhbcTvZqTskV^]kozh[invjinuXzfy}X

V\z]]cPjic`YnTd`VT\hW_[Okns{lm]pnbNTrjWPXv|ZdWwaue

]hRvage]XN]qm{npvNltw{XUe`i^]xOTfoeTuwU\PzpNtqnQjd

rxxcqfddUro^NX_vXP]xRsqhnkzYUzSN]nR_]srnojS[WYqetR

sRUYTpN`gl{eWtdnmhaTev`ncguOrSqc]\ferjYecsiY_mpQqV

hoWdOgvy^s[jvzUp|RbnWcgcgNtsxnfqX^O`u|cjj\epl_Rtpu

{SOQyg\}|\u^taixTQjuTcRbVNZk{ayhgRzXrVa]PQ_Wd^tfpp

uzPjNNx|iezOos]S_^{g}vYi]S|OPozentOWUwar`eVVl|U^W}

zsiQ^nxZv]g[jhnjyTPekgXsW]vmg[y]Xb]UvVWrxPNshq]ufW

vameyhunemkb^dN|pj[{SU\`_]lWR|^ZPr_rZkhObUYj^|SY[i

dss[XTbdNcvwysu`xwtuiyu[ilP}^PuxywpjVfomv]`N_znsr{

N}^TUYcP\]yjWRbNRlm||R|]ijiYSTThqkpwkWoN|V{oh\wb`h

uoTZy[yb}g[ZfttWWlNlV}U_lwQ`PicWvw}mSNwnd{_^`iPzlY

gp^wbqdziee|R`x[Ptsp{WgNfw[}][eg][pbyS[PicNsf[Sedf

rWNdlhi}}Xrb\niVegR}ipysSVv`o{a[v\X]]aOXOdwhhURxS^

VWVS`|}|{hTva\Yv`{QPQqygvtPfqYtnmZZagWR_\zj^j`b_Oe

O^wod{dN^gNroqN]]bUZ|eROikdoxmmsQdxjfvl^yQ`Y{]QhX}

sOawe^zTXrUYqnNwl[YQc}ilpib{PdQ\X^[l\ocbn`pkc]Nb|i

TctRf`egkcaXbem}pnPzmN]QQ{|XY|`lnvefXeh]nm|\qazfjs

XXaN}mpqtgw\_}Q`^PwbQrsPZixXV`PUmpVjhmUTrSpkRStZYh

kpWorVrf}ajdjzVZc|chX]os|qqvO\{V|WbkSU}kjfmYpk|^rz

iwaUrPSfc^yn_sbo[NNfcafmxgY_wejmp`hqdP^b`tlwzVeOjP

Q{_XoRgo`nwr]p^Vm}S\q_PQWxnavjS}N}zTtojdjZTRRfa]

TO[nNx[bloS[xSlSsdscUi`TRxWT^rb[R\_^NVVcqu^vxsp|Sj

kvN]zxOXcz{YroNNuUjQY\Obej}SenfzzcWbPXXcP^bcwq`}Wz

YqlT^lb_OZebsixcwPj{fOWfZi[Yb_|gtOxuU]l|gpVoRaN^wo

Qk`v^[|buNZn{RcrSUm|zzmNrolYrlnX[^_p^ToV\jPRnd]bg}

mrvqx{pXYYmuUbrmkd_[\]zsmQ\UkxjeNfwYqoxcPjhpsu|o[j

jv[Pvryem]TkvuW`UZORbxzsyvQjSNhjU^SVXnkuYTpSatqix\

kmu_olz_whnPimjk\hXq{jhQyiu\dWXV|wk_v^aS|WT_wjouPm

nrSZb}uSyswd}QkilagphZx__aYi^TdmbXh`Op\\UrcxoePznn

[ZekUyv_hrNOSP|\uawRwyapOjfzRRj|jubox|aP|NVOS_TfPW

c{NtUwdb{xzyXs[Xfn\qxn|e`|\qb}aYYrxtymyhdfohP}w[yp

WoS_QmS^g_O[QoRQ}rU|wUkmZv{PuVSmqNjlrpw}|oavhbWNwd

QzfpVeR[_eNbl|cfV}XudPb[rgmyNrkueo]a_vPpVtYV\wep]Z

ZUr`r[xVi|qtTZyUta\x||fu_[{tnsXjqvyUSu}[StWNhmfRtg

wr}gy`xhq\Wh`wtSrW^sg]dhWf_eRPu{W}[zfl[eVVwU[g\qc^

ZmPfSpkerzgu_fSb`|TSqzSlgTrsaZuQ`i_|itzciUkZx^eVqU

}[apntn}^RzUqzhQ\x^]lX[]Xf[NTdYnx]T^QWefvNPjmoY|_r

YRilQzecnkhcmnm`q|RmTYa}jrsylcPqslifbUiwyOijX}dNaS

kNrmyYaTy`h]gOsRdOgT^[vQobPSemljRrWkexlXY{fr\rb\bo

wR{WjYRS}yhfYiQ`|Z]cdgyt}ZgSWb{N{TXS_PkUiveqqyOriR

yQqWSaf^PZ{]XTkt]f}]p`YRdf[ptnv[Q|jc^khuo_ut_hnyrz

\YzkxVN}piW\i^}ZhPRz|gmiN_zcm\_eSZr_kyY}WyrVmrutRh

WezmpQNgo^_c\`jZnT]dOOyzlsXpabqbefYnbO|sxn}xQcZqXR

T}v{]S]zcoYl|WdcrRY{q[{n^Sge[efqh^XYl]^tewfy|m\e\r

_mTXbe{kTpd`rhRokqNnuiv`Nchoud`uz}nQdjlhajNjSQZvyz

Z`{Q`S{`yRXhUstrVnXVhRgl`YqRgmymY{hcxwcywP[hTUTUUX

Xqwb\NcwdTr{brbfuyYT`uYPgmuRr^Sv{srOzxnkcNrYnQ^yXi

ySX^xzUP_rVUgpydaQhajnhz`^trdl{lpkuj[Wkv{]hbZnzk{p

mc_fZndbl]mxtzWT^Sk^sj`|`lSivqYecttNbsU}niqT}Zvf[_

_WdSgvV\[xUnsha}b{Va[xboWX]vtjdgp{UXgtrZytpZPo_uPW

OpozagW\[TjgpbfQpby}|NVS]mhtufWiUxy\qyzia]ofyjXq|i

tY|PZOe^TN{VNYa``t{|xgvy|nWu_cquQp[glpqflVyO^`yQ}l

hZYlRpYW`|rPg^x[o}t\WmgRwwoeWsWl^Ysb}y}ymWZov{PqQh

k}akNl]VX`qnwjWRq`_m`mfnNYfVRzjqy{uXX|tfaZqzU`y]yN

pt|jShwe_UuOaOel]|^yr}sj]nXvnQdexvVh}Ol{YQrW]|xzPn

X[QUVX_tYr|xyl`{XpjYfc\apzxNz\eW]ZWdqmNr_NmXp|N[Zy

tO}vq_x`i^b{v_f_NS}PRQrRhZS{{]TkQxxknabbXdXNz^zQlY

bychltUvgc`j]ok^`j]PUx\hemy{rX{PWpyQSnldglsz]lyw\\

TTjXObQqk`e\b^TN\bogu[ylne]zRmUXmux\xYSpXclfX|bZdu

YxhUe]gsub`VbVnzxkPwdtx}^NWry}yPyWmXtwX{|[z{\oa]Q]

mb[etftjvxp]c[f^\]N`Xvk]xc[j}d|kxRqjbfvT]upT{`ie]\

Zb_\YPRxV_zXp\Ya^kkd[sdsQjweySylqtuUO}`PVvpqVYiVyp

XY{PcXZfPt_pfgj_qyu{zTbXVfVxnxzR_}`qb]c`_Srt}cnj}o

rSYls\fQWcap[hzx_pZZu`zjkxgYe]aa^[sp`khhbb{vaj_Rcu

avXN[cQsZQvPcurmqgrlRtN{SRgQhbrw`{ssYeN]pRy|\dvQ|[

PgmmthPkRt\RTn`__gkggopVWhTfQnZrsta[\al{}{Rxrrg[s`

{RfObch]cR\\TUS\WumlnXn^T}TlOgXxP^Sh]rcqrq_cs[gfeu

_s^{]VyYqbN{efbsU_k{q^Wla[^nXZTQkmS\dzYSbo^^csyxun

cvz|\Yj}lt}QmbYcwRxSluNhfZzvmW{|mjUQWPSagW_rV_P\qg

sxjU^g^UqWvvNrQ`Zwr[tmvmueYRypiQ]Qk\YS]hqn|NfgWaRu

d`t{qoXS}QkWXiNVXRhUmZqTxf|cgSuddylbptpsjf_zTg}Pgn

cdeuZ`pxXNjNZ{|\Sk[vT]gWmpfrbvaZax]_cz}jqav|zRcbR}

Z{|Y^\lQVTv`o|[Y]bUkXVpcdS\RabPPulb`V_tVmcQwg]hPNt

hjWr]l}\iaNVvltq{iggNfqXZRSUadvms_TgOUgohZRtljObb}

y{Ry|{ziy\}^nwncul^U\dbRUuiaOfmsedwxtTXUsyudnhR]T{

cTScOSoQvijWtcQZvZcz]}Xfa`ojwuXzVkScVty`z{zkPeftgW

pg`y_iXZwSdtYr^qV^`}yynnekib\|QxSQzRrkRh`|rqnkT^Sj

TwxfYZUnfQ\xldsqsohTXta\ytQ]Ozr`{yo]TxP^`Z\aQcz_rx

ykRfQ]pUy_hn{Wl[tgw_paNVvOxm_ROUmjxTju_mN[fqviPfa|

yw\ayl`Zh[jTtolwpxs]ocXgb|[\oa|cSi|TxTdzzTs{V}n[ei

tmhp`ldvriPT_v\|XctgYfUqc`Px\n}pT}Q{\rSwsXkha[mXge

elvWRy`[XflgPTmec\ePxgVQzTz[]USdrkeUYtstVqgpwmf\fk

dPz_slRPbnU|tvSm]xQzdrsQV_jch[PaOhRvcpnTql\dptRxvh

bdlng\_m`OyjleOagd\VTY_\{V`ftwhluYqqY||rrXrQPomsrR

hV\vtWZx\Tt_k]rqmPbysvXg[XUXPU[w}xOdXvPdlehzwTPuvv

YY^pxR]vRgoqi[eduZSofRYsxOufX|vjWVtjmcNd`tT}tgWQu`

mjsXyTmVknR^tsSW|z]RxZfgVRvRZXh^^qP`VQOhrcUTWzfepi

QeQ`}y]XdTxRe]oZTrVre|RlYTyWxWgn`fSNlQQWifhdUtfNxd

SnXZtRwyarpuicsmtk|hZvzNbYokmUdPdoo{nmWhwcgh^^Q`NQ

uUp_bw^X|{ZW_npkSVZePksqdVnycyxf^P{hwVdxS[g|atq{[S

oQ{ymu`YqjPOzspQsjrelrNs[kd|ngP{t{_k}grypza[|obap]

zkN^rlm}m}OfZUsiUwlOc]q`^tfd}gzhw`sdy}g[Wp|b`YSTuW

`UZ}]f^bPXx\jes]qk[^PZX[}ajPldfsrPQqmrYmrUlVvjciam

ow`uXizlR`fP`q[z}rw}iNta`OxPb]\pnaOSPO\{]tYb}lqyhg

e_t|^TnOVOvOX]Psu{XWyffqmPbiNfzhmprPxxklzOWyol\vZv

wXZdSaZszaxhz^yW|pkcq`kW^sgdZavlfzwO\{hcZ}iyQpp]if

}OxrPpcSjodlbU|fY]jWpx}uXoWvY[RZxRw[cr}s_s__txRcVg

UnXiYoldcX^g_RrUWr{uujNiVSe_oYXuTwiPvU_}}_viWxeoPo

`aba^Y^oNplqV^`jlSmnXenby{cTxZy{z^]_i[bkudabWlP`g[

VsOcnzOsz|R\jlQsN\VVhPTsetuu]`tOx{\ntnp[ujmnl\mY\`

}dxuRtppwbNbYy\^g`YVTy\U`xwcVhOTg{krfa|lU{\_`oytxo

tzTUeVSRRxdX`OjtYpzpncwW_^P[xfXs^cvykTnTVSppWZ_wie

eZqZe`^gqSQ{}v_hc[Twiu{\pZ[{n[d|OW{kg|Qc[ok{`Onqtu

yw\NWl^lu|`jqzp^d}etrhvy_ozusWo]amOWUz`o\e[ZYiPYux

WPvQzwtnaQhqN\UpjX[NpkY|ytT`WnVUUxxSosRQ_{rgWy|yfy

bQTXT{PpYXmfnkhsnx}SS^j{|btNoNYQazf]TjZUpwjyuSV{Pg

\p}o|h[y\qvy|iaQ]crommbgfousYvwXTah[\lztWkhrxyynPS

udc^g`Z`deg}{d^P}{q}O|\dmOSYbjire`cQfY\cjQjXSrPcSV

edRwudozwQc}Ok||uNhjUaP}hnh[TStd_Y\`isc{kxe]zUP_Q}

dknRmc[yqUPXeNWsUlPxTXfXptRWia_uSem^[Zjogz^j`zUldu

b\W{rg{yojPkwo}n|]_{]YQqtQ]SqzbRhWgkf^OtyfmsqtyQbf

c}kohc\TTNsvW[xajqjdSNYcwsUZpsgbOXnxtW}lkutXYY{rxT

vSp^eYWS[yYnRYkU}n\u_Q]_ZwSsYa{lbQ]]Vodjlkmy]SmjQw

hVY{`dn]kR{hxaVhsQu^WpNvs}OhPQP|bQUbmmi`z\wmy\ZNid

x^w}ztda`oZRSe_nz}[QQYg[gYVdfkhNig]zY[w}hbctrzzuQe

RhppjgacWrSihenQp^RsUiOWUOUbYOpr|{|]mf_ec|gNPSqSja

lVf^^wu[uwTc`\OqOwVrhubl|TYoYwplqzQskyNqXOTiY[SbOx

mRd|}Zhqjbnc\uhiOa_gexxsazsgqWff[_zr\le^lsxpvghigN

rWUx{{Rmggaw{jx`tOflyrgZNeug{srdmsTZ{^P{[tzzV\kmi{

dQNwRpZ\ROxNw{VqZUOVRjiVThOc|Nam}d{suks[uvgt_iwipQ

nYqdguYj^yUltNZ|g_ivr[UuPkbhwU^vbPtaohng[T[n[fbQ|s

fVmdjs{|wp}[[}rcdwXinXN}Ym\]^lqgSu}NmXQofwcuP]VYip

Zn_S_lUpP[vTncYzZQf\X\ygPYtOv\jc\`YbwYwoOWaqkNOm]T

xi[UW``ZjR_ixgu}[hbr[x{PQNW\PXSSuPoQfjTbiUZ[[

wkPb_mRketNoq]rej}OyQVo{_ZX{kcbtqbvf`fhXsOf]bsQgYq

{ZjeQb_\|grxsP`ecv[]Qjpjozizm`sWr[rW{bcqdVrbeX^ONk

zlVZu|pmlYohowluaTUtSchOdyQsRwPkdyNOk^rnuz_XTXp__d

vnxXQ{ne^icTPqa}RRxhlv[sTg|cVquNwzXiw`y]UbkogRxpZy

Vrw|f}W}^QXdilP`}nahNZNwq`mhcj]n[TzXno_bRw|odThfN^

X{cepo}oYZysdXQe^R{ce_PPz[o_WfRSsOrTsswttqrRfpoO[S

uO`k`c{nQuvWcs{^aOqZwvUTvplm}XxRTli_ZWVrQ]]rXww`jP

O|u^e{NU^WriNxprxrfud^YqsnYWP{d]xaYTkNPYsgxidkQiT|

U]{`wasNzniVorb{PpVeTsdfbcUPiVutohPmXnyOzxajnUvdZ[zumWfTZR^SyUVgZ^UZlSytmV\wRZfZyURy]wezkZ\sbjvkpvS

N{xZe|rQecyxfwfgW}zjQ{rYy}\]YWYPq|tejOqX\xYfQju`Yr

iloRS}{OTTZhOw[hOq{nNit{SXQk[euwks]zU^SczRd{_}txrv

QpO}ur^tPao_uSixSYOVX`uOaxq|eqe\bolkgvSdeVjupm[RZY

j}q}mtXVnkdN_\hQN\SNy_Wpson^xyX`}ixS|XP^nRZVy]Y_mv

Odin`ycvV^XfWWqttZwscXXzPp{woQpcdnkxWWR`bee`mene]Z

YNx|UZlUks`Np{kUVudbwhiZdoTdku[jg_gr]Zw]ThVpTTjac^

_dkcsw`|SZP[vc\qXqwcjP|nh]Ux{zyY`cekxbnNrPVOvNNyss

[l\V\}^^ZougaQoYngQdymY^uisQVa`^R]tvkNOkl_ORb{d\mo

TUWbo\dRvtkPw{dOlyrhU[SbsqUQwt[\j]`sNR|QuaeNQbxYkg

xtgxvohmqjQkpulsNk}gtNY^NTdzwSyXfYNX]oV^_^hXsSppVO

etUb{e{YY]xU^Tc_pTRyU\WVur|\_|RYlQWtqlwfiQTXRbhnvT

jU]npiQrdjrOz`[Vqle\hqZOrsm\}OhpP[v}S_r`SePaV\z{lc

]\VTvOkOwXyY^_ZdXawQrtpS`Z}vbWOPcvZwSXWshOUTqkpW{R

ufgud^lqweySbk^pl`{d]WxYXYWZk}hXTVk]Wmk_]QigO}vSSY

eyfsp}{ozec|ej}zeR`iUlgsh{l}bghiypi`feun`d_nkRxi}]

gYqp\rpWqSlTry_a_edW_osNhkcf\[kVeuiRefWbggkqzPntOZ

p|qYjmuicobhWdretliXwVVbWxhVpprhT{rd\gOrUuqYiqur[t

Q_wyu[xOcclO`VV^kysU}^OobeySgcTStcOTlkw_sP[W`|`lcO

VOXckW\eOsOaxqk]wOuhzPatSqkSY|Snmlh{PchPsyvcOuNswQ

f}jyUx}thRXgrN`fdmv|]Nm\tQbYdPwswoPdVraz`awUYXgcdb

UjTgvvPSWsfyONQhRw]\xYjh]m_Sz|raUdUtt]rRW\{xgXk_Yk

Qnx{_pri]XbYSbnTw|Qjtu[|\tgYNlnx[N{vv`^o{}URr]XpSw

su[dZ[`eg[bhheSVwRhQzxP||NU{kQpnTvrXkPPT`u^j^lpnVy

}Y||u]oWTs_OgXZU_wXUchhn[jjck|_a|S}cqggSxN|b_]oij\

xPrii_ppSc{zyT^dUU]bjkyRkQQUZ{\|cZUPyPfUaTXONXzf}Y

pfrgnZruUycc|ap[StrhUP\^ltuVY`[XS{vnP[ZVbaridryZum

ZqTZ\x}`VURZiz^Z}jVo|\aS_TyXUQbdkq[ZylS[YOn]]wX[qa

Ym__Yyrnej}VSPlacXkPg^vzU`qVYTy\P]jgsjSmppgb`ieYdl

Z}q_eo^k[Qko}cdgw[vNzzrb|]pX^QuoN[Xx^vQVu^cSum]tmT

k^o}RYdnkcoaOx_aUayWwjVf|yYtRltjiqZ^x|xojuP`YpVYOq

_Zx_fQlxan{UcuzpTT}cNfusiW|]yiopfV|kmw{XetQyd}cqSx

ywo\Sgr^`yrZ|VXdiXcOrQ}^|ONYn^Qsc_di]hS}||gto\[\Z]

PSi|QdT`icc_tZdSTuZ^U|Xlb^OiifeRlYwPZm`R^aYzVxs|vW

SrnR^szbvUxzsp_jeencxOskiimTyQdyp[wxchVfiYbO{na]jT

glUOa[[TcemZuQxaYVrTPcbkn^Uekl_d{qOypxvaoThpQxs]zT

aNOQyvspkkS][}tj}uyiRzYyRYPv[fTzx^[hU_{zbzsygxhnw{

Rgxfi|RPiRUTN_p|\OOpmwuzax[\qwWdejpngU`ZwU|po}Qqj`

O`anjQgR^qv[SwxzQi[[vaoXVaQZbT}Q\xOfyYkOxP_Ss\UnTo

mWzlzQ{O[_[nm[N^oX{jwvsPSgpkcppxuQTcPYdRedfvRV^]zl

hzrQtY|Nrmivnm{a]OiWysW`XTUytZVzWstffSqrPzQyvUWo\W

neqyil\P|ngOlYa\d]og[ibhRq_XRRjteyd}sQhsqkPsucmN\P

g|PlQQTUQoRTO\X\|fmedtzYwnWNd`sVwkisu\OOUQpkRY]fn|

_pykQPSYkSNjQvWjnffr[usfuplsn_eWr\oqlXl[ZzbTOyNswl

Zy`PRwxZdpanWPlp]mUhklkkXWSgTN}o\|gX[kpccj`]|^WS\W

sixuu]izfXSaveRPVUVzwQphbrmYyNcg]sjmri}fPsaf|wu_vn

jmdnTc_fbZlY[f}nz|ywkajRVee}l`p]O[oPWRoPRhV{\|zbOZ

roluZk{tk^o{Zx^|oopmjZf{aN]olgrpuYxjjWgmUTxinhOX^u

x\xju|dxfy{dZUj|Vf`nThZU]qbtihShvhqZxbvr`q_RPryr^c

fgg[dzv{PVecgbSx]pVuatsOay\NZqYxSlz`jklpoTzrpYveTT

X}lfvlgaeaeR_NNSUntoVvfXqlWVheNPVsoProzbTcbmglqeo^

jPNhoXryt``SdkWnbinars`mjyZjsjQvdTY[Qldq`aXd|\dw}j

SXh}RVSpOa\zcQjdqiT^OmQOer`ltex{yNRXafVh_XT||deXni

Pe\T`caTVsPp\tW[j\VflzQWSiTykxxT]xcnVUTrxYOPo}uevq

Y}kNnfQYUwU[Upc`kTi]uTlUZNz]mVP^ac}knNvdTfk[pXZu}}

cb}SlpxQV]dU_lVQY[Xf{b\_fNoaknqQk^dW_ccaiue[[tR^vT

Uvfkby|]kU\e^iygaV]c`W]mVo\{jb^_lWpva\w`[{f`\kdflZn[ijX]OYiliVhtfPb\_qnNw[rXdRVsnjzrvrdlYb|^uP\kZYRU

Toxqi^fU^Sfu__YO^xhtlP]hV[b{a[jiy^_oW{lOqh\fVPs{zS

\[ONRse|rNs]PpfWzqYj{^Vx`l\uP^b{wzzaTwzmTzggNqRPqo

htjyt|{pxvh`mXcigSkl\uPXUr[efdlpkPsidjczslcYsswO[{

ojSloOwU_dYxcNlv}vN\qqe^zp]skUaQihykgyrhbVTvN_PN`x

ij]_eTS_SQWd_nOocyqlqtkSoeu\qQdW}jpz[WhllddRmY[w\o

vrzOtbqm`}gfqZtVp[Q^oPaTxWdZsxZclqucu]RWgjZfozSvwz

\qrryY\}\ZqjUOmQ{xTj{jcZpXfOuPk_gyg|}|x[l`ktvjo|Tu

jrT_jwttNqo^Vrg}htuTUXmT{Pu]|iWb_\Tlfg\r_h|X_jgu|s

hiymvoxtio[o]W{rdkmsq[b\rtNP]z[aoTnbpXZykxdw}}wz|T

YcZvmdilj|ab}vq|zNrgyVbQOYp[ync]`no{zYZg}vlxjzVYw[

ed}ugad\]i{dQ`l^ZS_S}nNUVajTXTl_QhN\Rp[jmpSdOttYQU

vjiXusfwUm}TQs}Ztdjvligw[XubPx|iUug]jfeQs}]a^obSwe

w|OReVjvzaWcTxVnNufwkW||QSj{wiOWby|m\vwXWiSapi`kgY

OnnRxrqS__efebcv{rv^\tcSklzT{eZPncYY`fdXtrsr_mQidY

kvpsWuxjWq_d^bk}bUjbbkr}zSfqulPyrVklkYpTaiTo\XoUR\

plesOhrssvvwe{tWUYfwlR`sbP[YPTpXxmrht{rjld}P]wiPf`

pfdl\xQ}cmxPu`\ldbYnR^[sbqnUXZVzRNPyk_y_^}mqx]RSqj

wX\ygj|rb}yl]OTWiSxprNbPYqRvThawTrucWctipfVNTW}jUP

ictrWNcVZSYd}Qydxbutap_ZdxQif^^YwahbvPbYYmY_]QoV[p

hVlNYOnc}OVkzfyQTXf]`bg[|qXn]PVdhPl|umivqOfZs^wkQj

q}dY[ejrwpZYRg]|Zakn`ysr^rP[[hxQ|ivV]skyaPP{g`Opmu

ciyU}pU[xc{o`dqg^Pwnw_oTf||WvVnPUUlQUPT]eO_x`}xaT`

nmvlhWtUydzdu[ykReu\RqNWp|RRy_PNmy`hU^R^hptRi]wScj

TzxNkbUrmm[xkRZx]{Ncx^Nrjjs_heVVzs}mdzxrxTVd[d}tVl

z}nnfrurjhbXTT_ozUqu^tmOSki[OeqTbulWvYNTWpNVdikffn

Z|qacXzf^aXbhlmQjOVNkvq_Uu__fozPhwipbUR\`locQYt|pn

_yf`qNmnm}hcNTqn}Zr`deyUmPvf^{v^yselNTPyu|i{Yq^XVV

\OWz_tyq]zThuf[Sbarit^ORamd`WOl\v[tb|PlO`|NzS]Natv

rusTdyhavWuYfTi[RUWr}rvusyzlivctXatd|yfqh`nO\gmYz\

gsu`Wmknp[uyVsle_fNyTsqSlYX|{kdmfy|s{|o`Oqybg[ew[R

sqx`Zvvn_[yjwS[\irzzgg]xNi}c|QRPRYlPkssX|}Q^{SNfeV

lNj\Tv\gPUiz{WtZv[{ammtyy_zgWmWUiqau[djcXgs[naQzPY

ci[vrW{eYvn{xjYkT]zzqf^bRzdd`tqazre{|pNWSikf_jtdZi

y`XvX]_RSiz]plYtssj{i^nVWgUord[cPNh^_RbxTxV_wsWW]x

ePvrbWXua`lb`bgkhSlgrVox}Qm{}d{`ugl{Xtwzluxgq_fpQO

evXS]Sf|ZorbutqysahT}l^WPke`eekisu|WdozWVfOjS\bms{

yo`dnmzvU`lr}yomekNu`Zig|Sm`O|trTmjZUOpPhdtOOh`e{v

qmqm[[pulwq}N^PwqvZfXagvsc[]mgW`wNeYtZtxv{`hZwfc_O

vy|Pz}rgf`PiQRfbse]|OuUbcU^U]\[oa`sVhqzckY`t`sx_dj

XZSOuR]soNWbSukj[Qo_Qe`m[TnONzXlz^ggboQn\oa{jg

wbQc}OwuOrRwm[pbNchngkqkmhbPg`jaWnqV[lNj_aZReYT_Xe

We}bZ\zNvVlh}StWhra_bydotfpnPWqhrgnsSzbgp[W]{sTVpm

y`kxWehmvT[QQtq}uVflz{xeQV\Z_S`PXWa`pjnmnc|WrR{OXt

YlmRfma[hpNd`sYm|yvf^_`a}OyyZd_dVPQUr{peh]ySX}qiTz

RqpZVherqreVS^Tan[Ufv{RxgWpx{dRmktmhu_|Xptd{\[kW]]

uXzeoz`ypj}tlxjVk_Xozhng`\aacYVQ[Wt\hkn_p\os\tfOSY

eoW\TS_ak[da`qP|}WcsfshVZyXyxX^lTW[zzqzbanvUTuZo}^

jzc]qof\ZNXXspN_N[Whyv|tQNYcsX{jtg{TaQzvi}mgiO[`Xw

T`UWtt]dxUb_`bXTfPbrOnl\_^z`baQVxbdkPVcoxR^kTn`W}Y

j[\}}dXtmZ{zbp\UpkxSifrcQUnwsYhxstjjS}maYVptq\wQ_O

Vbxrn_beVtib^Tctp}f_ynX|wfWcbO{NO{Ylc^ycU]zixUTUgn

^aRqqSxY]}ev[bnwRyZyngsznx}S}]gVc]Pu\UlsiRw^fah]}t

ZVYXgT}UvWuuwl]Y|oqXj^UZPpvThUaT\ProZROYjyVu`YTnny

he[qxlicRcdhUPwlaTs]\\roWeiT`d}ZjTWUzajoRudmSqdTnO

[{}evsPm[UZbqj]}UabQ{\NTQ\r_jORxjvhN}\YT}thrtRjXN}

ztbcNVs^ZbbusVWff}psZsxjtZ{iilYRYbj[ZTaisRd_zs[QPk

vNkRTnTsqXSroVgbymzVdxefWdpe}a|PxWuyXXRe\e^rhd|^XO

wtc`XXTlkUunTtmV^P|qdxtZdt[Qp\^kWuW{T^rPuz]NONNb_N

yPdcrN|pPWlusYscXPqajgU^kkThSSQlg]YoNj}}P}v`aPdd]W

WXsyrWW]mhSazR^`zd_UQus[wW^xpa^io}VofNzzagvUthTraz

NgO^pzgPrYabe}_V[px[\\XmefeVd[uiRiOQpaOUvkNng\q\id

PVdjZQx|wctQNidbiu{helqgN_O|{WySvWj]_}fOqi|nTq|ZuT

Xxc]|U{[bWgoRfRuh{owXxZnvYOZQY[tOxprO{\[[d[[}t\ico

bxfNl{WZh|kXc^yPcqacyW`\qUaVlkfnPxWzNhyje_c^Uz^yVd

[dZVyf`cwrjsgRb^SsXlt`OjatyPUzPQdwwrOZpNvc_YNRndcq

rqpeNgl`wxw{iquSxajQY^wnqtTf]po\tmd_k|}|hi{ty{V`Ul

QRbkr]Y^agX[^]Wihx|r[`b\ZNXynffkmeu|ng`]||U]Y[QmUh

{a_rOy[PNauNSfubzzTdlzn]^^h_[pcUoQq|UhgSS\u_etbRWm

{mW}^cjuQ_}|iioYhfNqVnOrcQR_\\U]|Yh}uep|Oe`WP[URmf

q{Oyj{Z]d]jh|bNPvcj{jixYZzoThUgfuOkl]nOZQgdOuSjj{x

vm_UUqu]_kPW_]Teap^e}PSudxvjhpNRqdwwmggWgxUS|dUejl

VvZxpN_\X}oyWyrWzyysZRpTnPwRpw]x^Z^YblpQduXN^WROpQ

`{Utrufug_mSsm]Yr[pe\qPZZf[Rxcay{Y`vTVR[UstPdRZzNw

RbnTvsnyvdmkewatc`ol[ZYW]WWoOgiTo{|P}ykOWsxoTtkeuj

jQYzzRpPemcV\zQWnOmeZafXrXWgas`|^|tsa}fcuS}P^qOPmh

]}RV[Zb]Tjjfk]beelU_uWpYWmhbQ\qTwY]wosqfTc^fofOubN

_`fv}gxuRt`TajRc`zXYW|`[Wlb_mSuqVxbfevX_s`b`vRVbUY

pe[VNzkO]pcWd]cPoP_}OTc|`hgd{mT\moflXXrhXqYjYjmOg|

deU][rRsmyj]tYioogU\U]|ixSjo^mpQ\TsOSZakpXyj^zj|ON

O[XoqhjqVkbtyNU_ubZcVgZQkzgj`]YgjmQZqqheu^gZZc]bV

Q\rmZezjOv`qra}ssNfaiSNUodzmbVUihxdxSc}}UatXf]VbTY

zi[VT}eokztgng^dSnw\`meoN}`ezayZ]p]fOWYbWY`xWx[ZVi

qVmbwYVwyqQvywYpw}WiSduaOrftXrTOv{ZtRVdPXzS[]ZuORr

T\Z^m|ilUc]RgiaSq{On`^VwXv|jyvvNNhvvhPU^jlqdVOhti^

UyrZzQxoopm]zw}UPW\Vk`ox}oyhsXYv]prl}N|P^cY{gWz{pV

bUt{k_xlXn{fk{OZXlWhjp`{Ujuf{a]}rWxwfi{akwxwfUbOma

OWkv^`yPkZY``ceRozXN}yzlaRblNhgTmaX[Ok}Vq]]papQpo^

iUXi}eOOWW|\P}ZPwg|siTpWmig}PWsjqxa{}zyf}Ods^dnlRa

\QUa`NssZqxOQgx]Rf`Rhp\m}fkap{`cx{jgx\VuctSrq[f]Sb

oWTd\vp|]\YwhSxkN\aYmyjowW]PcPkhSOT{VeU]n|qhdZSY[i

b{Rufy^UjNxmsorsP[pqSruZ_T{`q{Wftl\rPzOUSkk]bof{bn

Sqrrj^[Uu][[\Z^ccW_jr_mqvYaqVNo\X^{Ue`Nrjiyq`oyyoN

\RO{cxogh|yfr[u`vSnxpdR{ssm[]ux}NYN`[fpO^xYYpeToju

]mxqe|Okzwqof]NxwgmUOk|^mpdRlbprjx_t[txpo[^_QVdfRh

RmVrYd}SThTcOS]q|r\{d{tOkNRPw{WkRT|[NuQixQVxPoNPXu

ay[sQkQsoSpo^Xddh_rfQ\ydYz[Ne]kdpuVpnfgvaVvkPgQtdv

^aUbOzuqgXko\wRy]ZSiv`qRrVSOpmWgi]eTQzRd|VfpSwp{Wj

x\fhuP[hqijfyl|rYjXlXmcOPfzk`T]gUgNfwuZz`mggb{oiYl

{h_Rt[ojf[\{WjSbfS}\wSjS^x[}yinQcWO|gS]cRP[Z|iXTgv

ali[eSgRjjS{NSX`PcRnp[cqtgTn}VyWZ\xk[Tk\hjTeshql{o

pdrXTfq[Xa[pc_Pe^ZsPrO]TuqsYvavWW}jskWY^pXXzNeZO``

t]cQbr}Wh^`YZeorPd`]thS}^\rQRrifXTgl}jU}x^w|`OQk|S

}oZQzht]V[oU_rf|VxXeu]}sRPn^u^UXwfSP\oqgr\yQj_voV[

y[TNnSZOnybUVzXiw^b|_p_{YOcr`SROZs[YSwwqvjaWtbxPns

cfUquQeebelQp\aWaUcw`\PWi\Xyoc`gXfkb{dV[noSqyxhmoZ

xjmjSzSmZTTkVbisijjot{Oh[kTmVn\ayZwRWywQr^OOV{]uWS

jWh[oY}gZRcbapNmf}d\\qinYgi|mdmSRfhUsYRlRpWaeQPlQb

Rmzce[z|h{PYsSZSNOfp`cu^zbq|UOaiir{aOnyejQo[qkkv`r

Nw`tjtdO}xfN}zqUTSPoOZfuqcPr}hxuSU[gjZ]n`]{`^^rlP_

ovSTfa_wvbwP|r^RXtmymXSs]ollTPdOsz^Zp{`a|arffoggnb

jX\d}SRQNmOXk{VdWdn|]y{hURmUu{wZzOslgdd_\Wln{yo]W{

W\NUj_y}i|qfzdTWxVxnYQOeax|cVkvfcSj_Pme^blbqOXaWuk

yZkno\X_wpRv{}ZyZow\bNp|qSN^XW`cr_qpsvg[Ti]XNXTuek

frhd[vVtOnRpcvzer}TyxdZUnwyPY`d}dh^x[pxlz_wid|Ydx^

z`QRR|^mQlQRO\kfmrhcOtgjNz}lyeZ[lPlldfS`QUec}qrt|{

Zgtc^Wolupo_p[bs`kv\fyOq{{vcazTjzSoRgNtfTnV[bhUquW

cuoOsz\qSZ`_\wnQgg{vbPQNtPXh]PrXqiV|vhqn|NW\}[ogU|

piTcfzqfzTqzaViqdfpQpkhhnY^]v^`yO]pUZYVe`djvYhrToV

xOs]Po^nYvy^qta[NaeRkVS`O]cWtzQTWZ`Ok[}sclb^`gl[w|

`^WpY_Yeu{y\PhdXqXrUd_vyhhtzzts`quSl[[`hX|gQfyhS}o

}d|{jtbrVSbpydqofPbj[nTRvqZQjr{]Sq[_Vfze}\kub`XcYf

TurnqU_utvSneZ\R[Ssfgib|ole]_{SfkT^PX|iTkQk^bNbabo

i|qv|lU][Rl}]fn^w\oPnvizijz`jUjZ_``StcUP{wYbnPT]T[

Picsehf[uzOWz^m[|jaig\Ne|rP[gwndq_btWeYg{bvnYQ\T]Q

fs[{sOTX`^e}_Ys`wgkxdQzrqldd{Q]cqSyib`va_hdhqnp

^wsVy_a\YglboRkWi}f`qrpeX\gl}]jkR]jXpdsSYy]fo{O{dP

cOqmpe{vcORVoy|qwfbwz_y\_htfpuXfkNP{v_rctSQdVbTzcx

xakXQfxaWYg`^euUfd]ZUlQRQ^WOSavwXZ`gz`SxN][a_wj]k_

kOlyscZNYg_^gZljaszrfucjUbQrrmweieoRQodzeRri_izyVT

zSZqlw|jN_d^bNNdgnt|w[Rirje}l_VcR}VcsNZa|UhwTrbtZW

Tt\YycyibmYcyw{fcsoutOu^X`vyonrSXOi\qxNmnqxNhykWxy

gUtmPPyQ^kziekhTgkSQyOPqSh{o|xN^ufRcutfSeonmmg][Oo

gTqWpvaYYsdq|zp`ew|rTmdNqc`^O\Watl`]wgjX{l}i[S`zfS

lRnwQ`{bXjUpYwrN]i}]vOxSnysSmn}n_[jzV}UblaXnki{dPr

io}dYo_y{q_rqa}v`mi}WkT|pnWqduqateWPehga\eooZR|liX

dwXfwcdYdehZh^uW]kewPimhs}QlUbmTNdqZOm|UYN]ynqUNe|

qbqiwQtSNTpSsWo|ipsda]`d[lYRlahmPtbxQizkXtUvtloWyO

[N{VPo[[RhaXOt[r\_tv^khS}RwXumY_`TQzQgu|R}|lPZyfUf

wbflvYn`eekupxXn|pks`jOgvtUwsWveculviOrXvZiyfS\Tsa

v]UjcOwXTsP]wt`egqy\ObaPUoUgdm_sZk{ed|WQwUiaaZel^T

_xOVN}hpr|YSha_f{tlh\VuwUzjPkq{hs|ykVkzsg{q\u`nu|O

byqoU_mP{Nymeu\_t{qbsblkvQ^ZmbW|}x|eavil]|xWdscij|

vy|Syt^Z|vucduwmuoPdpUWbPWPZORbWNh{Puosngl_qzqgPuu

j`[sPXxvabicdcPwj_hSlgfUadaiUyd_wtaoRehjorxcXzu__X

[h`{rXUTctY_yf_V[pTbynrSekfRUWtUfwicS]biUz{[]aZ_a^

nwcgbmXbVtwWP|pWNwPmOzRsSvWiQWjRX\]_WXXppXTgzWr`Wn

a_V`pXjUpTZuNRZh`]yln]|fcP||sz\rO[nsWpvs`|nSVi\USi

Qpqbcf]YmdlnUYRY_[PspgnyVwz\fY_lemjVk_Y[eVeSzlaba`

szahcaXzQepm|}O{PQnjP]l\ursce}\iW|_of^ndd{rYadeRl\

RoiWj|tQyfUsX_ubtt_xN}ZvTTgjQZVnqfmQg_[[r\z{}zdrvo

XuR\lOOXUfyjUoqgTt{mRewo\msr]f_WWOQ[rmY[d`W{Qhlieg

_NpYqeRQSogeVfd]Rpsh|v[QRVTpYeYcYi^nvwd`cx[xbRhX_T

gY^acorpcOpSw^RxdlP}[QlwqV}d[g__hwydSuodyNx{xRcqyk

Vno|grpw^StrZXkzcfThQY\skeSWRmetOTgjZratmi[rXykkV`

^rPfTipyacytq_uU\b_O[cr}Z}qx^aYzxZdTZuO^zPnmUr_jf\

\PWoUfv}]nltT|kyUkfaP}Uv[rxWU[la{_lmn]Zzus^mON^Uks

_t\^j[WiseoOfXsbSwVZ\kO^[rbxzxotmvYYsiz[mUup]i|RSd

StdxtY}neQfzWUj``ueg|PoNOdY\^Wu|^e[i}zyvPR{Q\o{yZ\

[NePPXetajQxQhPcYWpjjt[S`gWz[Y}t{U}RYk_hnz}onO_wUY

wau_n\NTNNpySV]d|Ob`ehgeZbuiUyXWhgu_Ru}^kSr`RZzSZp

rnP[URpj]oxQizmcpm]edoupjvTWZkozr}v{`YW__xrfQi}OnP

hUlOdO`TOWtcshYfa^_rWYbliRW|oQhPlm\d_f{q}PPcnaPPg}

zfYO_Tg{T[]rvv_u]h`^Tue[htYl^cbPZ|Sz^WSzP_nYOY{uwr

nNRYOpr]jb|hxNW|nSVmeWROzp\awea[qpNdSgVw[{rvsaXos_

P^eycTy}TWz\SjqzpnigmxbowejOv\Yysc[zzecZ`bncfWVe_O

Yz^zyvtNuQi[gXxsoPPz`}WjZbrzXyS`kVRTWWpX[OxugSvgit

l[inRgVQ^l`^uhwTaoc{T[f`kapsfuQ^gQTWYbzwSTt\mPe\Rr

gjwom^kwzpog`fXczoSbnnXj}zrnneNujlb}h_p_\Rze\cxitm

ypjlfWTa}\hxlQtY\l`|Qb`a_VnnOlhZrSVjUb_YUrlne\miNu

[}WW]dur_OTcp^WSjp\ShzcvSmqa]sPnbjyg{euqUnpfRqOx_u

dSe\orSNWU\`Ya]z`yszv\zcznXjs[ksdy`fp^vhoRbXbveWtU

k[ayuV{rYrzswPt]PROpSer_XSrsPg\slrmsm^jzlRNx\uNx}V

Sbr[XdthrRXs`\NfSO|t`O[PTSQjxa^{ukjShZ_QikccyWzn[W

YpUgmdf{}gzP}h|deukxrTpT[NOlfS\r|z`]Zh|XzS]]QgqTZY

yvcZ_gW^YT\]_y]jZVzb}sOwiarNksavi}l{}|Ny`vRd{sdwZl

ekbcS{ucYgsYbesTT^bYjh|jroiXiZiVt\S`pwYl\xqOuOpsr]

xhbSTYshp`d[n}]jgRmcoRtY||rZXcPNTpnq`j|uiT}brgy`Vb

bgmpyd}yRnbkejqzflYugOl{}W}nPTYggZk[To{|kugsyiU|Rz

Wr{n`^zaVz[PXjtUr]{T_PvunSdrhqZdazpi}c}ZUQPzjbQpY}

hi`ZlgpdN_SNVRpTnzlt_xsmi[hWwcYSavgTScTmOV^}_|[Y]W

uyvThV\ziq\VZx`u{uUQsW_p`ukykpuYoX\U[bSqfiy`Sc{mvu

iYeifeRNSshq_XckhUukUVWvWz]l\um\fbakl][qp`YtQ|iYaj

^XZbcP|lO[ZfzsvfPuZ`dehyVrtlx{Q]mRYmr`b^ry}huR`[Y`

fUdrUVXRabhh_fj`|O^moh^mmsUolzeSyedQn^g|^TRXSmNZjp

l_]RZPrNcdbZ{v\h\YZ{jye[^dujqx[ww_sSNytswxzudRefsb

SsjP\NsrmTZcgmetxTs`kXhtlQxNNgaUPOoY]gj}sURRWjnvfm

q}_Vn^Pw^rnrPxYgPmnlzjosPnQV{mdv_YhtRqNoOw}peVVRUc

YglcYvmnnYdRjfVkOl|rnarTRy{dOZwsenxOZhQZvzP|`W][zT

c[xePQgehl|eNvZYUVhPSZRcgdno}bbf`cUrPfc|TUelab`b{q

ukWXjSQ}WnW`x[R[a[\^UXWRwYRoPsgOPcXRhY{SWWsjS{Qtz

XZPZ\{{N][ojupgY`UvttziVQlzNhgve`iqQwhyhvWxiXunXmw

nXZwWnclwsk|[Z[ojSQWb_k}Reem{t`tqZSifUeZXXlyzppWQw

t^PYvufUtPuWqWgchX\dqOwvbuj`XVowVwyO\XzS\wfwiUwkam

sc]r{evxebZVly_jwYW]geUiU]OxkzuoQzQ{|]OzR^_Nqvx}`^

_\Vth^ZqmwjhmvppvRbuvdY\^vtVXZNX{NmXmNmZx[||p{W^tP

Ugr]bT`w_QYhh]TjfY{rVRj[yogUNlbl}Y\^e}}Xio``vfrXxO

[Q}Ok_zyYl|bhord|nZp\qiWgy_{{QzqddzjsoUrOXkxPP]Piu

Yuejicf{}sZlvXorekytsbQrrvoWTtlk[Tq\PyuOwhUas|dsvY

eU|`fqiS`\pZlYvdx_fqz{upuYiuz_VNPziewnYxYhzxrVc_R

関連記事

編集者:ナオ
編集内容:OjfWVgezS|bpUlQbNpZiYg_{][bVav