Overview
In addition to the Han nationality of today's China, Mongolian nationality, Manchu nationality, Tibetan nationality, and Uyghur nationality minorities are also included as ethnic groups that comprise the Chinese nationality. The Communist Party of China regime defines "Chinese nationality" as "the collective term for the Han nationality and 55 ethnic minorities.
The first official mention of the term "Chinese nationality" is believed to be a speech by Qing politician Wu Yanfen in November 1900. Later, it was used by Qing-era journalist Liang Keichao and others. In Liang Keichao's work, "Observations on the Chinese ethnic groups in History," written in 1905, the Manchu nation, Mongolian nation, and Tibetan nation are not included in the Chinese nationality, while the "Research on the Chinese Ethnic Groups in History" of 1922 includes the Manchu in the Chinese nationality.
In 1988, in his theory "The Plural Unity Structure of the Chinese Ethnic Groups" published by Fei Xiaotong In 1988, Fei Xiaotong published his theory of the "multiple unitary structure of the Chinese nationality," which states that the various ethnic groups living in China have a unity that has been formed over thousands of years of history. This "multidimensional structure of Chinese nationality" is said to form the basic line of China's current ethnic policy.
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・Nationality (民族)
